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SPEECH
ORGANIZATION
Extemporaneous
speaking is the most challenging and educational forensic event.
The challenge develops public speaking, current events and analytical
thinking established on economic
Session Purpose:
I.
Factors to Division:
The answer to the question should
determine the body of the speech.
II.
Errors in Analysis:
Irrelevant material included in
speech. Analysis determined by the
speaker’s background, knowledge and files, not the question’s answer.
Analysis Rule: If the
information does not answer the question, then it does not belong in the speech.
III.
Traditional Patterns:
Topical:
this is when you have several ideas to present and one idea seems naturally to
precede the other
Example:
What issues will determine the 2004 Presidential Election?
I.
Health Care
II.
Economy
III.
National Security
Chronological:
this uses time sequence for a framework
Example:
Political Ethics: How have they changed in the
I.
1800
II.
1900
III.
2000
Past/Present/Future: first part of the speech discuss the past, second the present and the
third predicts the future
Example:
Is Social Security doomed?
I.
Past
II.
Present
III.
Future
Spatial:
this organizes material according to physical space
Example:
Economic Recovery: What can we expect?
I.
East
II.
South
III.
West
Classification:
puts things into categories
Example:
Who will win the 2004 Presidential Election?
I.
Independents
II.
Democrats
III. Republicans
Problem/Solution:
first part of a speech outlines a problem and the second part presents a
solution
Example:
What should the government do to prevent terrorism?
I.
Problem
II.
Solution
Cause/Effect/Solution:
first part describes the cause of a problem, the second describes its effect and
the third presents a solution
Example:
School Finance: How should we
reform it?
I.
Cause
II.
Effect
III.
Solution
Do
these examples answer the question?
Is
there irrelevant material?
Is
there a better organizing method?
Is
there “one best” organizational pattern?
IV.
Unified Analysis:
Definition:
Body of the speech serves as a justification for the answer, the
organizational pattern unifies all the analysis.
Typically, requires organizing the speech with two main points and two
sub points for each main point.
Types
of Questions:
Closed Questions:
ask for a yes or no answer
Example:
Is Social Security doomed?
Yes
I.
Public desire for alternatives
will causes changes
II.
Funding base no longer exists
Example:
Is
Yes
I.
Political leadership is fanatical
II.
Possession of nuclear weapons a
danger
Open Questions:
ask for sequential steps in proposing the answer
Example:
Who will win the 2004 Presidential Election?
George Bush
I.
The economy will not hurt Bush
II.
National security is Bush’s
issue
Example:
How can the federal government best protect the public from terrorism?
Provide state and local government with funds and increase intelligence
I.
State and local government are on
the front line
II.
Intelligence key to prevention
Sample
Speech Format:
Introduction
Attention
Getter – quote, joke, anecdote, etc.
Connection
– relate attention getter to question
Question
– state question word for word
Answer
– briefly answer the question
Foreshadow
– state your main points
Justification
– tell the judge the importance of the topic.
Use evidence.
Body
I.
Main point
Internal forecast
A. Sub point
Evidence
B. Sub point
Evidence
Internal summary
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II.
Main point
Internal forecast
A. Sub point
Evidence
B. Sub point
Evidence
Internal summary
Conclusion
(Introduction
backwards)
Repeat
Points
Question
Answer
Attention
Getter/Conclude
Advantage
of Unified Analysis:
